Neuroendocrine neoplasm

05/2018

MUDr. Marcela Tomíšková, MUDr. Lenka Jakubíková, Ph.D., MUDr. Bohdan Kadlec, Ph.D., MUDr. Jana Špeldová, prof. MUDr. Jana Skřičková, CSc.

Klinika nemocí píicních a tuberkulózy LF MU a FN Brno

SUMMARY

Neuroendocrine pulmonary neoplasms are a group of rare tumors. Their incidence is 1.35 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. They form a heterogeneous group from well and moderately differentiated carcinoids to very aggressive low differentiated carcinomas. Diagnosis is based on pathomorphology, immunohistochemical examination and neuroendocrine differentiation. Individual types of neuroendocrine pulmonary neoplasms (differ from one another by localization, biological behavior, clinical picture, diagnosis, and treatment approaches. Low differentiated carcinomas (LCNEC, SCLC) are aggressive, sensitive to chemotherapy and radiation but have a poor prognosis. For well and moderately differentiated neuroendocrine pulmonary neoplasms (typical and atypical carcinoid) captured in operable stage, surgical removal of the tumor leads to its complete cure. Analogs of somatostatin receptors, peptide receptor radionuclide therapy or m-TOR inhibitor (mammalian target of rapamycin) represent a new therapeutic potential in treatment of recurrent or inoperable neuroendocrine pulmonary neoplasms grade I and II.

KEY WORDS

neuroendocrine neoplasm, typical carcinoid, atypical carcinoid tumor, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, small cell lung carcinoma, analogues of somatostatin receptors, peptide radionuclide receptor therapy, m-TOR inhibitor, endobronchial therapy.