Cabozantinib in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma

05/2017

MUDr. Alexandr Poprach, Ph.D., MUDr. Radek Lakomý, Ph.D.

Klinika komplexní onkologické péče, Masarykův onkologický ústav a LF MU, Brno

SOUHRN

Disseminated renal cell carcinoma is incurable. In the second line of palliative treatment, we can now usually use everolimus or axitinib. The breakthrough in treatment in the second line is the results of Phase 3 studies (METEOR - Cabozantinib study and CHECKMATE 025 - Nivolumab study). Nivolumab prolonged overall survival when compared to everolimus, the time to progression was the same, but cabozantinib prolonged both progression and overall survival when compared to everolimus. Cabozantinib is an oral inhibitor of many receptor tyrosine kinases. Unlike other commonly used multi-enzyme inhibitors that are used in renal cell carcinoma, it also inhibits MET and AXL protein kinases. These are more pronounced in patients after sunitinib treatment and also in patients in a poor prognostic group. In this review we will look at cabozantinib - the mechanism of its effect, the characteristics of the drug and the recent results of the studies.

KEY WORDS

renal cell carcinoma, cabozantinib, overall survival