Selected articles
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Positron emission tomography in testicular cancer
02/2021 Doc. MUDr. Tomáš Büchler, Ph.D.; MUDr. Aneta Rozsypalová; MUDr. Ludmila Boublíková, Ph.D.
Positron emission tomography using 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG-PET) enables imaging based on the metabolic activity of the imaged tissue by evaluating the activity of glucose metabolism. There are numerous applications for the method in testicular germ cell neoplasms, especially for evaluation of residual tumor or for assessing treatment toxicity such as bleomycin-induced pneumonitis. The importance of FDG-PET is growing especially in advanced tumors and high-risk patients. Here we review indications and limitations of the method in testicular cancer.
ENTIRE ARTICLE
Positron emission tomography using 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG-PET) enables imaging based on the metabolic activity of the imaged tissue by evaluating the activity of glucose metabolism. There are numerous applications for the method in testicular germ cell neoplasms, especially for evaluation of residual tumor or for assessing treatment toxicity such as bleomycin-induced pneumonitis. The importance of FDG-PET is growing especially in advanced tumors and high-risk patients. Here we review indications and limitations of the method in testicular cancer.
Prognostic significance of primary cilia in relation to selected parameters of the tumor microenvironment of clear cell renal cell carcinoma
04/2020 MUDr. Aneta Rozsypalová; MUDr. Blanka Rosová; Mgr. Alžběta Filipová, Ph.D.; MUDr. Dimitar Hadži Nikolov, Ph.D.; Mgr. Renata Chloupková; MUDr. Igor Richter, Ph.D.; MUDr. Jan Prokš; prof. MUDr. Radoslav Matěj, Ph.D.; prof. MUDr. Roman Zachoval, Ph.D.; prof. MUDr. Bohuslav Melichar, Ph.D.; doc. MUDr. Tomáš Büchler, Ph.D.; doc. MUDr. Josef Dvořák, Ph.D.
The presence of primary cilia, programmed cell death protein-1 receptor (PD-1) expression and intraepithelial CD8+ TIL (tumor infiltrating lymphocytes) expression were retrospectively evaluated in tumor tissue blocks of the resected specimens of the kidney in 104 patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Median overall survival (OS) was significantly longer in patients with lower frequency of primary cilia (<0.002) than in patients with higher frequency of primary cilia (>0.002) (p<0.001). Median OS was significantly longer in patients with lower (<25%) CD8+ TIL expression than in patients with higher (>25%) CD8+ TIL expression (p=0.006). Median OS was significantly longer in patients with lower (<25%) PD-1 expression than in patients with higher (>25%) PD-1 expression (p=0.006). The present study provides the first data on the potential association and combined prognostic significance of frequency of primary cilia, CD8+ TIL expression and PD-1 expression in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma.
ENTIRE ARTICLE
The presence of primary cilia, programmed cell death protein-1 receptor (PD-1) expression and intraepithelial CD8+ TIL (tumor infiltrating lymphocytes) expression were retrospectively evaluated in tumor tissue blocks of the resected specimens of the kidney in 104 patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Median overall survival (OS) was significantly longer in patients with lower frequency of primary cilia (<0.002) than in patients with higher frequency of primary cilia (>0.002) (p<0.001). Median OS was significantly longer in patients with lower (<25%) CD8+ TIL expression than in patients with higher (>25%) CD8+ TIL expression (p=0.006). Median OS was significantly longer in patients with lower (<25%) PD-1 expression than in patients with higher (>25%) PD-1 expression (p=0.006). The present study provides the first data on the potential association and combined prognostic significance of frequency of primary cilia, CD8+ TIL expression and PD-1 expression in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma.
Bevacizumab in the treatment of uterine cervix carcinoma
03/2020 Doc. MUDr. Josef Dvořák, Ph.D.; MUDr. Igor Richter, Ph.D.; MUDr. Jan Prokš; MUDr. Aneta Rozsypalová; MUDr. Jana Grimová
A prospective randomized phase III clinical trial, GOG 240, demonstrated a statistically significant increase in progression-free survival and overall survival in the first-line treatment of metastatic or locally advanced inoperable cervical cancer. Bevacizumab in combination with paclitaxel and cisplatin or alternatively in patients who cannot be treated with platinum, paclitaxel and topotecan, may be indicated for the treatment of adult patients with persistent, recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer.
ENTIRE ARTICLE
A prospective randomized phase III clinical trial, GOG 240, demonstrated a statistically significant increase in progression-free survival and overall survival in the first-line treatment of metastatic or locally advanced inoperable cervical cancer. Bevacizumab in combination with paclitaxel and cisplatin or alternatively in patients who cannot be treated with platinum, paclitaxel and topotecan, may be indicated for the treatment of adult patients with persistent, recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer.
Immunotherapy of triple negative breast cancer
05/2019 Doc. MUDr. Josef Dvořák, PhD., MUDr. Igor Richter, Ph.D., MUDr. Jan Prokš, MUDr. Aneta Rozsypalová, MUDr. Jana Grimová
Triple negative breast cancer constitutes a heterogeneous group of diseases with limited systemic treatment options. A new perspective treatment modality is immunotherapy with check point inhibitors. The phase III randomized control trial IMpassion130 demonstrated a significantly prolonged progression free survival and overall survival in first line treatment of metastatic or locally advanced inoperable triple negative breast cancer with atezolizumab and nab-paclitaxel, exclusively in patients with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) ≥ 1 % expression on tumor infiltrating immune cells.
ENTIRE ARTICLE
Triple negative breast cancer constitutes a heterogeneous group of diseases with limited systemic treatment options. A new perspective treatment modality is immunotherapy with check point inhibitors. The phase III randomized control trial IMpassion130 demonstrated a significantly prolonged progression free survival and overall survival in first line treatment of metastatic or locally advanced inoperable triple negative breast cancer with atezolizumab and nab-paclitaxel, exclusively in patients with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) ≥ 1 % expression on tumor infiltrating immune cells.
Current treatment options for metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer
02/2018 MUDr. Aneta Rozsypalová, doc. MUDr. Josef Dvořák, Ph.D., MUDr. Igor Richter, Ph.D., MUDr. David Buka, MUDr. Jana Grimová, MUDr. Michaela Matoušková
Prostate cancer is mostly hormonal dependent disease from the beginning but during sometime develops in castration-resistant prostate cancer - it is time when the progression of the disease is occurring despite androgen deprivation therapy and patients have a testosterone level drawn. Many trials are interested in finding new opportunities of treatment of this stage. Thanks these trials we have new drugs: in category of cytotoxic chemotherapy cabazitaxel, new generation of androgen deprivation therapy ARTA (abirateron acetate, enzalutamide). For patients with bone-only metastatic disease, without visceral metastasis, there is an opportunity to use radium 223. And we can't forget immunotherapy agents as sipuleucel-T and check point inhibitors. So we have many opportunities which significantly prolong median of overall survival with good quality of life.
ENTIRE ARTICLE
Prostate cancer is mostly hormonal dependent disease from the beginning but during sometime develops in castration-resistant prostate cancer - it is time when the progression of the disease is occurring despite androgen deprivation therapy and patients have a testosterone level drawn. Many trials are interested in finding new opportunities of treatment of this stage. Thanks these trials we have new drugs: in category of cytotoxic chemotherapy cabazitaxel, new generation of androgen deprivation therapy ARTA (abirateron acetate, enzalutamide). For patients with bone-only metastatic disease, without visceral metastasis, there is an opportunity to use radium 223. And we can't forget immunotherapy agents as sipuleucel-T and check point inhibitors. So we have many opportunities which significantly prolong median of overall survival with good quality of life.