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Articles for label Krajsová Ivana are displayed.. Show all articles
Complex treatment of melanoma
02/2019 MUDr. Ondřej Kodet, Ph.D., MUDr. Ivana Krajsová, MBA
Melanoma is probably the most malignant skin cancer. Its incidence has increased significantly five times for the past 40 years, although mortality has been rather stationary in recent years. Complex treatment of melanoma is radical surgery, adjuvant therapy, and therapy of metastatic melanoma. The basis of therapy remains a radical surgery with a sufficient resection margin and histological examination of Breslow and, possibly examination of sentinel lymph node. In adjuvant therapy, checkpoint inhibitors are being used more recently, but currently only interferon alpha is approved. Therapy of metastatic melanoma has made great progress, and now it represents by BRAF and MEK inhibitors as targeted therapy, and immunooncology therapy using a checkpoint inhibitor, especially anti-PD-1. The newly introduced combined treatment options, immunotherapy, and combination with target therapy, are particularly prone to possible higher toxicity. More recently, oncolytic viruses have been used in combination with checkpoint inhibitors. New approaches to complex melanoma therapy have brought major advances that have significantly affected the prognosis of patients with melanoma.
ENTIRE ARTICLE
Melanoma is probably the most malignant skin cancer. Its incidence has increased significantly five times for the past 40 years, although mortality has been rather stationary in recent years. Complex treatment of melanoma is radical surgery, adjuvant therapy, and therapy of metastatic melanoma. The basis of therapy remains a radical surgery with a sufficient resection margin and histological examination of Breslow and, possibly examination of sentinel lymph node. In adjuvant therapy, checkpoint inhibitors are being used more recently, but currently only interferon alpha is approved. Therapy of metastatic melanoma has made great progress, and now it represents by BRAF and MEK inhibitors as targeted therapy, and immunooncology therapy using a checkpoint inhibitor, especially anti-PD-1. The newly introduced combined treatment options, immunotherapy, and combination with target therapy, are particularly prone to possible higher toxicity. More recently, oncolytic viruses have been used in combination with checkpoint inhibitors. New approaches to complex melanoma therapy have brought major advances that have significantly affected the prognosis of patients with melanoma.
Merkel cell carcinoma – new treatment options
04/2018 MUDr. Ivana Krajsová
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare neuroendocrine tumor of the skin. Approximately 80% of tumors are Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) positive and in the rest 20% high rates of UV induced mutations is proven. MCC is very aggressive malignancy with tendency to metastasize into skin, lymph nodes and distant organs. Recently used chemotherapy had quite high response rate, achieved in some cases almost 60%, but the responses were short term and they did not project into prolongation of overall survival. Implementation of immunotherapy with inhibitory monoclonal antibodies against PD-1 and PD-L1 receptors led to significant prolongation of progression free survival and overall survival in patients with metastatic MCC (mMCC). The only checkpoint inhibitor, which is currently approved by FDA (Food and Drug Administration) and EMA (European Medicines Agency) for the treatment of mMCC is avelumab. It is IgG1 monoclonal antibody against PD-L1, highly efficient in the first and further lines of treatment.
ENTIRE ARTICLE
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare neuroendocrine tumor of the skin. Approximately 80% of tumors are Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) positive and in the rest 20% high rates of UV induced mutations is proven. MCC is very aggressive malignancy with tendency to metastasize into skin, lymph nodes and distant organs. Recently used chemotherapy had quite high response rate, achieved in some cases almost 60%, but the responses were short term and they did not project into prolongation of overall survival. Implementation of immunotherapy with inhibitory monoclonal antibodies against PD-1 and PD-L1 receptors led to significant prolongation of progression free survival and overall survival in patients with metastatic MCC (mMCC). The only checkpoint inhibitor, which is currently approved by FDA (Food and Drug Administration) and EMA (European Medicines Agency) for the treatment of mMCC is avelumab. It is IgG1 monoclonal antibody against PD-L1, highly efficient in the first and further lines of treatment.
Advances in the treatment of metastatic melanoma
01/2018 MUDr. Ondřej Kodet, Ph.D., MUDr. Ivana Krajsová
Advances in the treatment of metastatic melanoma significantly affected the prognosis of patients with metastatic disease. Currently therapy is based on two basic therapeutic principles, namely immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 and targeted oncology therapy with BRAF inhibitors alone or in combination with MEK inhibitors. The knowledge of these therapeutic modalities leads to combination treatment, which is subject of a number of clinical trials. The work provides an overview of key contemporary knowledge and outline new options in the treatment of metastatic melanoma.
ENTIRE ARTICLE
Advances in the treatment of metastatic melanoma significantly affected the prognosis of patients with metastatic disease. Currently therapy is based on two basic therapeutic principles, namely immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 and targeted oncology therapy with BRAF inhibitors alone or in combination with MEK inhibitors. The knowledge of these therapeutic modalities leads to combination treatment, which is subject of a number of clinical trials. The work provides an overview of key contemporary knowledge and outline new options in the treatment of metastatic melanoma.