Selected articles
Articles for label Blažek Tomáš are displayed.. Show all articles
New treatment options of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder in the era of immunotherapy
05/2021 MUDr. Tomáš Blažek; doc. MUDr. Renata Soumarová, Ph.D., MBA
The treatment of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder has been changed and evolved over the last decade. New findings in the field of immuno-oncology research largely contribute to treatment improvements. Conventional treatment modalities, i.e. surgical treatment, radiotherapy and systemic chemotherapy are expanded in the light of emerging immunotherapy options. Historically, one of the first immunotherapeutic agents was the attenuated Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine. It was used for the treatment of superficial, non-invasive transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder. Since that, the study of immune mechanisms and interactions in the tumor microenvironment, supported with the efficacy of the BCG vaccine, contributed to the development of further improvements in immunotherapy. In the modern era of immunotherapy, new active molecules, i.e. checkpoint inhibitors, are used. The use of these active molecules, targeting surface receptors located on the tumor cells and immune system of the patient, offer new perspectives in the systemic treatment of metastatic or locally advanced transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Specific aspects of immunotherapy, particularly the effectiveness, tolerance and toxicity profile, which have an important impact on the quality of life of patients, make immunotherapy a new, alternative modality in addition to conventional systemic chemotherapy. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the current possibilities of systemic therapy for bladder cancer using immunotherapy and checkpoint inhibitors.
ENTIRE ARTICLE
The treatment of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder has been changed and evolved over the last decade. New findings in the field of immuno-oncology research largely contribute to treatment improvements. Conventional treatment modalities, i.e. surgical treatment, radiotherapy and systemic chemotherapy are expanded in the light of emerging immunotherapy options. Historically, one of the first immunotherapeutic agents was the attenuated Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine. It was used for the treatment of superficial, non-invasive transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder. Since that, the study of immune mechanisms and interactions in the tumor microenvironment, supported with the efficacy of the BCG vaccine, contributed to the development of further improvements in immunotherapy. In the modern era of immunotherapy, new active molecules, i.e. checkpoint inhibitors, are used. The use of these active molecules, targeting surface receptors located on the tumor cells and immune system of the patient, offer new perspectives in the systemic treatment of metastatic or locally advanced transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Specific aspects of immunotherapy, particularly the effectiveness, tolerance and toxicity profile, which have an important impact on the quality of life of patients, make immunotherapy a new, alternative modality in addition to conventional systemic chemotherapy. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the current possibilities of systemic therapy for bladder cancer using immunotherapy and checkpoint inhibitors.
Non‑small cell lung cancer radiotherapy and consolidation therapy with durvalumab
02/2020 Doc. MUDr. Renata Soumarová, Ph.D., MBA; MUDr. Tomáš Blažek; MUDr. PharmDr. Jan Dvořák
Treatment of inoperable non-small cell lung cancer stage III is based on concomitant chemoradiotherapy. However, most patients experience relapse. Efforts to improve the results have resulted in various combinations of cytostatics administered concurrently with or after radiotherapy, an improvement in the irradiation technique, or an increase in the radiation dose administered. However, only a combination of concomitant chemoradiotherapy with immunotherapy led to a significant improvement in progression-free survival and overall survival. In the PACIFIC study, durvalumab was given as consolidation therapy after chemoradiotherapy was completed. The results of the study are discussed in detail in the article and represent a change in current clinical practice and a new standard in the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer III. stages.
ENTIRE ARTICLE
Treatment of inoperable non-small cell lung cancer stage III is based on concomitant chemoradiotherapy. However, most patients experience relapse. Efforts to improve the results have resulted in various combinations of cytostatics administered concurrently with or after radiotherapy, an improvement in the irradiation technique, or an increase in the radiation dose administered. However, only a combination of concomitant chemoradiotherapy with immunotherapy led to a significant improvement in progression-free survival and overall survival. In the PACIFIC study, durvalumab was given as consolidation therapy after chemoradiotherapy was completed. The results of the study are discussed in detail in the article and represent a change in current clinical practice and a new standard in the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer III. stages.
Radiotherapy for brain metastases in the era of targeted therapies and immunotherapies
01/2020 Special Edition - MUDr. Tomáš Blažek
Therapy of brain metastases is a very attractive topic in the era of the new systemic palliative treatment approaches and improved local treatment techniques. The new radiotherapy techniques, targeted therapy and immunotherapy substantially changed the prognosis of the patients and their overall survival. The most important factors are the number of metastases, their localization, histological type and presence or absence of key structures such as receptors or ligands in order to be the therapy targeted. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of current treatment options and discuss the challenges and future visions of the treatment.
ENTIRE ARTICLE
Therapy of brain metastases is a very attractive topic in the era of the new systemic palliative treatment approaches and improved local treatment techniques. The new radiotherapy techniques, targeted therapy and immunotherapy substantially changed the prognosis of the patients and their overall survival. The most important factors are the number of metastases, their localization, histological type and presence or absence of key structures such as receptors or ligands in order to be the therapy targeted. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of current treatment options and discuss the challenges and future visions of the treatment.
The importance of radiotherapy of primary tumor in synchronous metastatic disease
01/2020 Special Edition - Doc. MUDr. Renata Soumarová, Ph.D.; MUDr. Tomáš Blažek; MUDr. Marián Liberko
Radiotherapy has an important role in treatment of malignant tumors. It is usually used in treatment of localized disease in combination with surgery or as a curative treatment with or without chemotherapy. In metastatic setting, radiotherapy has palliative intent with the aim to relief from suffering. Nevertheless, with improvements in radiotherapy techniques there are also new indications for radiotherapy. Curative radiotherapy doses and techniques are used in metastatic setting with the aim to improve not only local control but also overall survival. Preclinical and experimental studies prove systemic treatment effect of radiotherapy, which leads to immune reactions also outside of irradiated target volume. Combination of radiotherapy with immunotherapy represents new treatment option. The aim of this review is to provide summary of studies, which studies added effect of radiotherapy of primary tumor in synchronous metastatic disease.
ENTIRE ARTICLE
Radiotherapy has an important role in treatment of malignant tumors. It is usually used in treatment of localized disease in combination with surgery or as a curative treatment with or without chemotherapy. In metastatic setting, radiotherapy has palliative intent with the aim to relief from suffering. Nevertheless, with improvements in radiotherapy techniques there are also new indications for radiotherapy. Curative radiotherapy doses and techniques are used in metastatic setting with the aim to improve not only local control but also overall survival. Preclinical and experimental studies prove systemic treatment effect of radiotherapy, which leads to immune reactions also outside of irradiated target volume. Combination of radiotherapy with immunotherapy represents new treatment option. The aim of this review is to provide summary of studies, which studies added effect of radiotherapy of primary tumor in synchronous metastatic disease.
LATITUDE study and current perspectives in the treatment of metastatic, hormone-sensitive prostate cancer
01/2020 MUDr. Tomáš Blažek
Therapy of prostate cancer has improved significantly over the past 10 years. In the treatment of localized stages, the emphasis is on the quality of life of patients after radical treatment and the effort to minimize late adverse effects of treatment. Patients achieve very good treatment results and their overall and cancer-specific survival is significantly better compared to other malignancies. A similar trend is seen in patients with metastatic disease. Advances in palliative systemic therapy noticeably changed and improved overall and cancer-specific survival. The new generation of antiandrogens offers patients with metastatic prostate cancer new perspectives not only in terms of survival but especially in the quality of life during treatment. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of current treatment options for metastatic, hormone-sensitive prostate cancer.
ENTIRE ARTICLE
Therapy of prostate cancer has improved significantly over the past 10 years. In the treatment of localized stages, the emphasis is on the quality of life of patients after radical treatment and the effort to minimize late adverse effects of treatment. Patients achieve very good treatment results and their overall and cancer-specific survival is significantly better compared to other malignancies. A similar trend is seen in patients with metastatic disease. Advances in palliative systemic therapy noticeably changed and improved overall and cancer-specific survival. The new generation of antiandrogens offers patients with metastatic prostate cancer new perspectives not only in terms of survival but especially in the quality of life during treatment. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of current treatment options for metastatic, hormone-sensitive prostate cancer.