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Application of perirectal hydrogel in radiotherapy for prostate cancer – case report
02/2021 MUDr. Martin Lukeš; MUDr. Petra Holečková; MUDr. Viktor Vik, Ph.D.; MUDr. Petr Holý, Ph.D.; MUDr. Tomáš Novotný
Radiotherapy of prostate cancer represents one of the major therapeutic options for treatment of localized or locally advanced prostate cancer. The major drawbacks represent frequency and severity of posttherapeutic side effects, same as after surgical treatment. In radiotherapy the main complications are gastrointestinal and urogenital toxicity. Despite great development in radiotherapy recently, these side effects of radiotherapy have not been eliminated. Recently published studies, describing the use of perirectal polyethylene glycol (PEG) (SpaceOAR™ Hydrogel), might offer very promising results regarding the side effects of radiotherapy. This injectable biodegradable hydrogel creates space between the prostatě and rectum before prostate radiotherapy and it is approved by Food and Drug Administration for this use since 2015. Despite the fact, that it has become a part of national guidelines in many countries and reached clear popularity and widespread abroad, it is still rare in Czech Republic. Objectives: to summarize available information and data about usage of PEG hydrogel in radiotherapy for prostate cancer, extended by our own experience with the first cohort of 81 patients after SpaceOAR™ Hydrogel application in Czech Republic.
ENTIRE ARTICLE
Radiotherapy of prostate cancer represents one of the major therapeutic options for treatment of localized or locally advanced prostate cancer. The major drawbacks represent frequency and severity of posttherapeutic side effects, same as after surgical treatment. In radiotherapy the main complications are gastrointestinal and urogenital toxicity. Despite great development in radiotherapy recently, these side effects of radiotherapy have not been eliminated. Recently published studies, describing the use of perirectal polyethylene glycol (PEG) (SpaceOAR™ Hydrogel), might offer very promising results regarding the side effects of radiotherapy. This injectable biodegradable hydrogel creates space between the prostatě and rectum before prostate radiotherapy and it is approved by Food and Drug Administration for this use since 2015. Despite the fact, that it has become a part of national guidelines in many countries and reached clear popularity and widespread abroad, it is still rare in Czech Republic. Objectives: to summarize available information and data about usage of PEG hydrogel in radiotherapy for prostate cancer, extended by our own experience with the first cohort of 81 patients after SpaceOAR™ Hydrogel application in Czech Republic.
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor in 2020 or suddenly a lot of news
01/2021 Doc. MUDr. Jan Novotný, Ph.D.
The advances in molecular biology of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) in recent years has allowed to distinguish various tumor subtypes that respond differently to anticancer therapy. This fact together with the development of new active drugs has led to the changes in standards of care in both adjuvant and palliative settings.
ENTIRE ARTICLE
The advances in molecular biology of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) in recent years has allowed to distinguish various tumor subtypes that respond differently to anticancer therapy. This fact together with the development of new active drugs has led to the changes in standards of care in both adjuvant and palliative settings.
Immunotherapy in renal cancer: present in the context of the past
04/2020 Doc. MUDr. Jan Novotný, Ph.D.
Metastatic renal carcinoma belongs to the class of malignancies in which an immunologic response is described, observed and used as a treatment strategy. In 2019, four randomized controlled trials studying four novel immunotherapy-based regimens have been published (nivolumab with ipilimumab, atezolizumab plus bevacizumab, avelumab plus axitinib and pembrolizumab with axitinib). Some of these regimens exert a survival advantage to the appropriately selected patients. All aspects of these studies are discussed in presented paper.
ENTIRE ARTICLE
Metastatic renal carcinoma belongs to the class of malignancies in which an immunologic response is described, observed and used as a treatment strategy. In 2019, four randomized controlled trials studying four novel immunotherapy-based regimens have been published (nivolumab with ipilimumab, atezolizumab plus bevacizumab, avelumab plus axitinib and pembrolizumab with axitinib). Some of these regimens exert a survival advantage to the appropriately selected patients. All aspects of these studies are discussed in presented paper.
Role of abemaciclib in the treatment of hormone dependent, HER2 negative metastatic breast cancer
01/2020 Doc. MUDr. Jan Novotný, Ph.D.
Better therapeutic results that are observed in many different tumor types in the last years are primarily caused by the better understanding of principles of tumor growth and tumor progression. When we focus on breast cancer, the knowledge of these crucial events has led to the development new classes of antineoplastic drugs that attack different signaling pathways including mTOR, PI3K, HER2/Neu as well as G1 checkpoint. Until now there are registered three drugs in the letter mentioned group also called CDK4/6 inhibitors - abemaciclib, palbociclib and ribociclib. In this article, we focus on abemaciclib in the context of other two drugs.
ENTIRE ARTICLE
Better therapeutic results that are observed in many different tumor types in the last years are primarily caused by the better understanding of principles of tumor growth and tumor progression. When we focus on breast cancer, the knowledge of these crucial events has led to the development new classes of antineoplastic drugs that attack different signaling pathways including mTOR, PI3K, HER2/Neu as well as G1 checkpoint. Until now there are registered three drugs in the letter mentioned group also called CDK4/6 inhibitors - abemaciclib, palbociclib and ribociclib. In this article, we focus on abemaciclib in the context of other two drugs.